You've done well in the interviews, and now the employer asks for references. This late stage can make or break an offer. Choosing the right people — and preparing them properly — makes a real difference.
What employers want from references
References help employers confirm what you told them: your role, your responsibilities, how you work with others, and whether the referee would hire you again. Some employers only check dates and job titles; others have a full conversation with your referee.
Who should you choose?
The best references know your recent work well. In order of usefulness:
- A recent direct manager — usually the most valued
- A senior colleague or team lead who saw your work closely
- A client or project partner, for client-facing roles
- A lecturer or internship supervisor, if you're a graduate
Avoid friends and family. If you can't ask your current manager (because they don't know you're leaving), it's normal to use a previous manager and explain that your current employer can be contacted after an offer.
How to ask: step by step
1. Ask before you give their details
Never list someone without permission. A surprised referee rarely gives a strong reference.
2. Make it easy to say no
Ask whether they feel they know your work well enough to give a positive reference. If they hesitate, choose someone else.
3. Use a short message
Hi [Name], I hope you're well. I'm in the final stages for a [Job Title] role at [Company]. Would you be comfortable acting as a reference for me? They may contact you by email or phone in the next couple of weeks. I'd really value your support — and completely understand if the timing doesn't work.
4. Brief them
Once they agree, send:
- The job title and a link to the job description
- Your updated CV
- The dates you worked together and your role then
- Two or three strengths or achievements you'd like them to mention, if relevant
- Who will contact them and roughly when
How to list references
Don't put referees' details on your CV — "References available on request" isn't needed either. Prepare a separate list to share when asked, with each person's:
- Full name and job title
- Company
- Relationship to you (for example, "my line manager, 2022–2025")
- Email and phone number
After the reference check
Thank your referees, whatever the result. Let them know when you get the job. Good references are relationships you'll want to keep for years.
Mistakes to avoid
- Giving outdated contact details
- Choosing someone who barely remembers your work
- Asking someone with a senior title who never managed you
- Not warning your referee that a call is coming
Common questions
How many references do I need?
Usually two or three. Have a fourth ready just in case.
Can a former employer say something negative?
Policies differ by company and country. Many organisations only confirm dates and job title. Choose people you trust and who know your work.
What if I left a job on bad terms?
Choose a different referee from that company, such as a senior colleague, or use references from other roles.
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